Tamil Nadu has indeed established itself as a key region for cashew nut cultivation, and Villupuram district, particularly in areas like Marakkanam, Koliyanur, Kandamangalam, and Vanur, is thriving with organic cashew farming. The practices in this region highlight a blend of traditional methods and modern support from governmental schemes.
Cashew Cultivation
- Government Support:
The Farmers’ New Plantation Scheme plays a vital role in supporting cashew farmers. The Tamil Nadu Horticulture Department provides planting materials worth Rs 4,800 per acre to help farmers maintain and expand their plantations. Additionally, old cashew groves that are over 20 years old and experience reduced yields are rejuvenated with planting materials and essentials worth Rs 8,000 per acre.
- Cultivation Timeline and Practices:
June to December is the optimal time for cashew cultivation in Villupuram. Fertilizer application usually takes place in November and December, particularly in areas along the East Coast. Peak harvesting months are between March and May when farmers collect the best quality nuts. - Quality and Harvesting:
High-quality cashew nuts are characterized by their greyish-green color, smooth texture, and full kernels. Post-harvest management includes sun-drying to reduce moisture content to 10-12%, ensuring the nuts are ready for processing and long-term storage.
Through consistent government support, training, and the adoption of organic practices, the farmers in Villupuram are well-positioned to contribute significantly to the cashew industry.